SIMPLE SENTENCE (C.C. #1)
A sentence that has one independent clause
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
A group of words that:
(1) makes a complete statement
(2) has a subject and a predicate
THE SUBJECT OF A SENTENCE (C.C. #2)
The subject is the
person, place, thing, quality or idea (nouns)
that the sentence is about.
Examples: John went for a walk. (Person) Towns are quiet after snowfalls.
(Places) Eggs rolled off the counter.
(Things) Silence is golden (Quality) Peace is at hand. (Idea)
THE PREDICATE OF A SENTENCE: (C.C.#3)
The predicate shows the
state of bing or action (verbs)
of the subject of the sentence.
Examples: Sally sneezed. (Physical
Action) John thinks. (Mental Action) Jesse is my friend. (State of
being)
SUBJECT - VERB INDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE (C.C. #4)
Step 1: Look for the action or state of being word to find the verb.
Example: Keven reported the
theft.
Step 2: Ask yourself"Who or what __________(verb) ?" to find the subject.
Example: Paula is an
astronaut.
HELPING VERBS (C.C. #5)
am are can could do does did has have had is may might must shall should was were will would be been being
STEPS FOR SENTENCE WRITING (C.C.#6)
Step 1: Pick a Formula
Step 2: Explore Words to Fit the Formula
Step 3: Note the Words
Step 4: Search for the Verb(s) and Subject(s)
-Look for the action or state-of-being word(s) to find the verb(s).
-As the "Who or What Question" to find the subject(s).
COMPOUND SENTENCE (C.C.#7)
A compound sentence has two or more independent clauses.
Examples: The students finished class, and they went to lunch. Kevin did not want to hurt Kathy's feelings, so he said
nothing about her mistake. I want to see my sister soon, for she has been in
Switzerland for two years.
COMPARING COMPOUND SENTENCES TO SIMPLE SENTENCES WITH COMPOUND SUBJECTS AND COMPOUND VERBS (C.C.#8)
Simple Sentence: Compound Sentence: Simple Sentence: Compound Sentence: Simple Sentence: Compound Sentence:
The men and women met at the station and went to
dinner.
The men met at the station, and the women went
to dinner.
The ducks and geese squawked and fluttered their
wings.
The ducks squawked, and the geese fluttered
their wings.
Harry and Joe ate ice cream and drank pop.
Harry ate ice cream, and Joe drank pop.
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS (C.C.#9)
A word that is used with a comma to join two indepent clauses.
, but
, for
,nor
, and
, or
, so
, yet
Examples:
Baseball is my favorite sport to watch, but football is my favorite sport to play.The children ran all the way to school, yet they were late anyway.
You will have to finish the project, or your group will get a failing grade.
Hanni was not at the game, nor was she at the party.
We did not see Mike at the movie, nor did we see him at the restaurant.
SEMICOLONS (C.C.#10)
Semicolons (;) an also be used to join the two independent clauses of a compound sentence.
Examples:
Susan loves to swim; her borther likes to dive.Jason was highly respected; he was always such a responsible person.
The meeting was over; it was already midnight.
COMPLEX SENTENCE (C.C.#11)
A complex sentence has one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.
DEPENDENT CLAUSE
A dependent clause is a group of words with a subject and verb that cannot stand alone.
Examples:
I like Sally because she is funny.Kathy will be late for dinner since the meeting is still in progress.
The game will end when one team scores.
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS (C.C.#12)
Subordinating conjunctions are words that show the relationship of the dependent clause to the independent clause.
Some words that can be used as subordinating conjunctions are:
after
even if
since
although
even though
so that
as
if
than
as if
in order that
though
as long as
just as
unless
as soon as
like
until
as though
once
when
because
provided
whenever
before
rather than
while
SEQUENCING COMPLEX SENTENCES (C.C.#13)
Dependent Clause First (comma needed)
When I get to Phoenix, you will be sleeping.
After the players practiced, they went our for a pizza.
Until the storm is over, we will not know about the damage.
Independent Clause First (comma not needed)
You will be sleeping when I get to Phoenix.
The players went out for a pizza after they practiced.
We will not know about hte damage until the storm is over.
COMPOUND COMPLEX SENTENCE (C.C.#14)
A compound - complex sentence has two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.
Examples:
When you are ready, I will call the store, and we can talk to Reed.Before the trick-or-treaters came, Jill made candied apples; they were delicious.
SEQUENCING COMPOUND - COMPLEX SENTENCES (C.C.#15)
Dependent Clause First:
After the party was over, Jean had a headache, so Paul cleaned up the house.
Whenever Jennifer feels sad, she calls Chris; he cheers her up.
Dependent Clause Second:
Jean had a headache after the party was over, so Paul cleaned up the house.
Chad hates to sleep while his parents are awake, for he might miss something.
Jennifer calls Chris whenever she feels sad; he cheers her up.
The sky was gray when the volcano erupted; ash was falling everywhere.
Dependent Clause Third:
Jean had a headache, so Paul cleaned up the house after the party was over.
The employer made Jill and good offer, and she accepted as long as he gave her a travel allowance.
The doctors were busy with the serious cases; the slightly wounded soldier quietly waited while they worked.
Todd gave an excellent report; his instructor thanked him after the rest of the class had left the room.